Showing posts with label Unix Networking. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Unix Networking. Show all posts

Sunday, May 4, 2014

What is a fast internet speed | MB/s vs mbps | How Comcast Measures Internet Speed or Bandwidth

Map of average download speeds (Mbps) for households by census region

What is a Fast internet speed?


Lets face it. Everyone wants a fast internet connection, but choosing an internet provider (ISP) is difficult enough without trying to understand what speed and plan to go with. Cable and phone companies selling internet services often try to make comparing plans as difficult as possible.

The Internet speed for you

So what is considered fast internet connection speed? The term fast internet is relative. The average user simply browsing the internet and downloading the occasional album or movie from iTunes would be well suited with a 20 Mbps broadband internet connection. However, a music or video producer collaborating with other artists via the internet may require faster internet speed to make collaborations across networks and cities as quick as possible. It is important to have a general understanding of the terminology and notation associated with broadband internet speeds, and which speed is most appropriate/economical for your needs.

Do I need a faster internet speed?


If you are an average user with broadband internet, odds are your current speed is adequate for your needs.  A minimum of 0.5 Mbps is required for streaming the lowest quality video from Netflix. Additionally Netflix recommends a broadband connection of at least 5 Mbps download speed for streaming HD video.

Do I need to check my internet speed?


When in doubt check it out. There are various online tools that will perform an internet speed test freely and quickly. One of the most popular and well used internet speed checker can be found at Speedtest.net.

Mbps vs MBps


Safari download manager showing download speed in MB/s or Megabytes per second with a fast internet speed
Safari download in MB/s
When copying, transferring, or downloading files you may have noticed that the download speed is monitored in either KB/s or MB/s. KB/s or Kilobytes per second is quite different than kbps when comparing speed. The lower case kbps stands for kilo bits per second. MB/s or Megabytes per second is also quite different than mbps or megabits per second.

Upper case "B" represents a byte which is made up of 8 bits (lower case b).


Good Internet Provider Speed

Most internet service providers, like Comcast/Xfinity, measure their internet speeds in bits per second, often mega bits per second (Mbps). When trying to figure out which speed is right for your needs this can become confusing.

A 30 Mbps internet connection actually equates to 3.75 MB/s (mega bytes per second). Since each byte contains 8 bits, dividing the advertised speed in mega bits per second by 8 bits will give you the speed in bytes per second or B/s.

how to get faster internet Actual vs Advertised speed from internet service providers ISP
fcc.gov

Which Internet is Faster?

In order to be sure you actually get faster internet and find the best internet provider, look at the chart above. In 2013 the FCC's Office of Engineering and Technology and Consumer and Governmental Affairs Bureau published "A Report on Consumer Wireline Broadband Performance in the U.S." Actual vs advertised speed varies from ISP to ISP. At 15 Mbps Comcast provided a little over 100% of the advertised speed however, some ISPs performed well above their advertised speed. i.e. Verizon Fios.




Sources:
Wikipedia
FCC.gov

Wednesday, October 2, 2013

Install FTP Server in Ubuntu for Cloud Computing

Use Ubuntu FTP server to allow users to upload and download files remotely

Use an old PC as an FTP server for Cloud

Do you have a desktop that is left on all 24/7? Do you have an old computer lying around with an outdated processor you think is useless? Are you looking for some way to repurpose your old outdated desktop or laptop? All you need is a desktop computer with available hard drive space and you can set up your own, personal and secure cloud server. There are a few IP protocols that can be used for this. In this post you will learn how to set up an FTP based cloud server using your old and outdated desktop or laptop. The reasons to use an outdated PC are numerous however, the main reason being that serving data to only a few users does not require nearly as many system resources as running applications as a single user with a GUI front-end.
--> File Transfer Protocol (FTP) is a TCP protocol for uploading and downloading files between computers. FTP works on a client/server model. The server component is called an FTP daemon. It continuously listens for FTP requests from remote clients. When a request is received, it manages the login and sets up the connection. For the duration of the session it executes any of commands sent by the FTP client.


FTP Server Installation - VSFTPD

vsftpd is an FTP daemon available in Ubuntu. It is easy to install, set up, and maintain. To install vsftpd you can run the following command:
sudo apt-get install vsftpd

Anonymous FTP Configuration

By default vsftpd is configured to only allow anonymous download. During installation a ftp user is created with a home directory of /home/ftp. This is the default FTP directory. If you wish to change this location, to /srv/ftp for example, simply create a directory in another location and change the ftp user's home directory:
sudo mkdir /srv/ftp
sudo usermod -d /srv/ftp ftp

After making the change restart vsftpd:
sudo /etc/init.d/vsftpd restart
Finally, copy any files and directories you would like to make available through anonymous FTP to /srv/ftp.

Configure FTP Server

  • FTP Server configuration is done by editing the /etc/vsftpd.conf file.
  • To edit this file type the following command in Terminal:
gksu gedit /etc/vsftpd.conf

Disable Anonymous FTP

Change the line:
anonymous_enable=YES

to:

anonymous_enable=NO

Allow Local Users to Connect

Add:

local_enable=YES

Allow Users to Upload files

Add:
write_enable=YES

Open port on Router

Now all you need to do is open up port 21 in your router so that your ftp server will be available to users outside your local network. It can be accessed using the IP address assigned to you by your ISP.

Monday, September 30, 2013

Juju and Charms for all Operating Systems | Openstack | Ubuntu Cloud

The latest development for Ubuntu Cloud services, tools and technologies is creatively called "Juju." It provides instant cloud solutions to build, integrate and scale services on any cloud in just seconds according to recent promotional texts. Probably the coolest feature of Juju is that it utilizes "Charms" to define applications as services. Currently there are 100's of Charms that have already been created by experts to help define infrastructure. Additionally users can easily create their own Charms to meet necessary infrastructure needs and requirements.

A few of the essential Charms to help you accomplish everything you need to include; WordPress, Hadoop, Cassandra, Ceph, MongoDB and MySQL.

With Apache Hadoop processing of large datasets can easily be spread out across a cluster of computers to accomplish that task much faster. MySQL is a fast and stable mulit-threaded SQL database server. By packaging these in Charm format they are highly scalable and can even be customized later.
Amazingly Juju is available for nearly any platform including; Ubuntu, Mac OS X, and Windows. To install on Mac OS X Homebrew is required. Juju has been packaged natively to install on Microsoft Windows 7 and 8.

Saturday, July 6, 2013

Mount a Samba smb shared folder Ubuntu

UbuntuLinux Guide
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AskUbuntu

SMB Sharing


One of the easiest and most common ways to connect, network, and share files and folders between Ubuntu and Windows computers is to configure a Samba File Server on the Ubuntu computer. This method of file sharing makes it easy for anyone to learn how to share files between computers using linux systems. Samba may not be included with the Ubuntu package but can easily be downloaded from the software center or using the apt-get command. The Samba file server is configured initially to share files with any user on the network without requiring a password, however password required access can be configured.

For Ubuntu operating systems before 12.10 you have to use the "classic" syntax to identify the server and share to the client computer. You can not mount a folder within a share as though it is a share, you should mount the share and then access the folder within it. A symbolic link to the folder can be made if necessary. When you run  smbmount,mount -t smbfs  or similar remote mount commands as  root (for example with sudo you need to specify the username on the server (unless it's actually  root , which is unlikely and, if the server runs a Unix system, not recommended.


Follow the instructions below to install Samba SMB:


Search Software Center for "samba."
Samba download in Ubuntu Software Center

Click Install, Enter your administrative password, and wait for Samba to install.
Installing Samba from Ubuntu Software Center

Search for Samba in dashboard.
Searching for samba in the dashboard
Open Samba and choose a folder to share by typing in the path or browsing.
Choosing a folder to share with samba smb writable visible

Choose the Access tab at the top of the window and allow access to the shared folder for everyone or only specified users.

Allow access by everyone or specific users to samba shared folder



Mount a Samba (smb) Shared Folder on Local Network:


Open the home folder and Browse Network.
Browsing local network for network smb folder

Find the computer or device sharing the folder.

Double-click on the folder you would like to mount.
Mounting samba share on local network


Mount Samba shared folder in Terminal:


So first, you'll create a folder (mount point) for the share:
 sudo mkdir /mnt/projects 


(This is assuming you want to create it in /mnt. It's become more common to create all globally accessible mount points that aren't part of your Ubuntu system itself in /media instead of /mnt but it's fine to use /mnt if you like.)
Then use a command like this to mount the share:
 sudo smbmount //192.168.2.28/projects /mnt/projects -o user=USERNAME 

Replace USERNAME with the username on the Samba server that you need to log in as. You'll be prompted for your password. You can specify your password on the command-line too (with -o password=PASSWORD) but it will appear in cleartext in the Terminal and will go into your command history, so you probably don't want to do that.
You'll notice that I've used smbmount but mount -t smbfs or mount -t cifs (or mount.cifs) should work just as well, if you prefer.
Now smb://192.168.2.28/projects's contents are accessible in /mnt/projects. If you need to be able to access the contents of smb://192.168.2.28/projects/myProject in/mnt/projects/myProject, you can create a symbolic link:
 sudo ln -s /mnt/projects/myProject /mnt/myProject 


For readers of Ubuntu 12.10 and later:

 

You must use mount.cifs or mount -t cifs(smbmount and mount -t smbfs are no longer provided). These commands will work on earlier systems too.

Related:


Source: StackExchange: AskUbuntu Original Author: Eliah Kagan
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